Schuler.[12]. Goethe finished Faust Part Two in the year of his death, and the work was published posthumously. Goethe's preoccupation with and reverence for Spinoza are well known and documented in the history of Western thought. [58], Goethe was a freethinker who believed that one could be inwardly Christian without following any of the Christian churches, many of whose central teachings he firmly opposed, sharply distinguishing between Christ and the tenets of Christian theology, and criticizing its history as a "hodgepodge of fallacy and violence". In 1823, having recovered from a near fatal heart illness, the 74-year-old Goethe fell in love with the teenaged Ulrike von Levetzow whom he wanted to marry, but because of the opposition of her mother he never proposed. Cyclops. In 1791 he was made managing director of the theatre at Weimar, and in 1794 he began a friendship with the dramatist, historian, and philosopher Friedrich Schiller, whose plays he premiered until Schiller's death in 1805. But it was not to last long. By 1820, Goethe was on amiable terms with Kaspar Maria von Sternberg. Goethe praised Francis Bacon for his advocacy of science based on experiment and his forceful revolution in thought as one of the greatest strides forward in modern science. [100], In Victorian England, Goethe exerted a profound influence on George Eliot, whose partner George Henry Lewes wrote a Life of Goethe. The most complete German edition of Goethe's works, letters, and diaries fills 143 volumes. Johann Caspar, feeling frustrated in his own ambitions, was determined that his children should have all those advantages that he had not.[7]. Collier & Son Collection americana Digitizing sponsor Brigham Young University Contributor Harold B. Lee … [42] In 1790, he published his Metamorphosis of Plants. [5] He also had the largest private collection of minerals in all of Europe. During the years at Weimar before he met Schiller he began Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship, wrote the dramas Iphigenie auf Tauris (Iphigenia in Tauris), Egmont, Torquato Tasso, and the fable Reineke Fuchs. Truth and poetry: from my own life", "A meeting of genius: Beethoven and Goethe, July 1812", "The Emergence of the Idea of Evolution in the Time of Goethe", "The Experiment as Mediator between Subject and Object", "The Theory of Knowledge Implicit in Goethe's World Conception", the only Latin book he had ever seen me reading, "The literary estate of Goethe in the Goethe and Schiller Archives", "Wizard: The Life and Times of Nikola Tesla: Biography of a Genius", "Goethe and the Science of the Enlightenment", Works by or about Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Works by and about Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in University Library JCS Frankfurt am Main: Digital Collections Judaica, Free scores of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's texts, Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen, Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe&oldid=1007817613, 18th-century German dramatists and playwrights, 19th-century German dramatists and playwrights, Members of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Members of the Zentrale Dombauverein zu Köln von 1842, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Articles with German-language sources (de), Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from January 2021, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from July 2017, Articles with incomplete citations from May 2020, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from January 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2017, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Botanist identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Léonore identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TDVİA identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 20 February 2021, at 02:24. Goethe became a key reference for Thomas Mann in his speeches and essays defending the republic. Goethe also received lessons in dancing, riding and fencing. Acceptable. Goethe was vehemently opposed to Newton's analytic treatment of colour, engaging instead in compiling a comprehensive rational description of a wide variety of colour phenomena. Goethe's other well-known literary works include h Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer. Goethe noted in his diary: "Fires, rapine, a frightful night... Preservation of the house through steadfastness and luck." Liszt and Mahler both created symphonies in whole or in large part inspired by this seminal work, which would give the 19th century one of its most paradigmatic figures: Doctor Faustus. While in Southern Italy and Sicily, Goethe encountered, for the first time genuine Greek (as opposed to Roman) architecture, and was quite startled by its relative simplicity. Get 1 credit every month to exchange for an audiobook of your choice, 350+ Works - All Poetry, Poems, Prose, Letters, Travels, Rarities Incl. Schopenhauer cited Goethe's novel Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship as one of the four greatest novels ever written, along with Tristram Shandy, La Nouvelle Héloïse and Don Quixote. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer and politician. In Strasbourg, Goethe met Johann Gottfried Herder. The fact that Werther ends with the protagonist's suicide and funeral—a funeral which "no clergyman attended"—made the book deeply controversial upon its (anonymous) publication, for on the face of it, it appeared to condone and glorify suicide. Letter to Boisserée dated 22 March 1831 quoted in Peter Boerner, McCabe, Joseph. But that in my century I am the only person who knows the truth in the difficult science of colours—of that, I say, I am not a little proud, and here I have a consciousness of a superiority to many. No other landscape has he described as affectionately as the warm, wide Rhine area. Vol. The first production of Richard Wagner's opera Lohengrin took place in Weimar in 1850. He claims to deduce from it that the barometric level varies in the same proportion not only in each zone but that it has the same variation, too, at different altitudes above sea-level". [49] Goethe's work also inspired the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, to write his Remarks on Colour. Goethe's comments and observations form the basis of several biographical works, notably Johann Peter Eckermann's Conversations with Goethe (1836). As his studies did not progress, Goethe was forced to return to Frankfurt at the close of August 1768. In Alsace, Goethe blossomed. His focus on morphology and what was later called homology influenced 19th century naturalists, although his ideas of transformation were about the continuous metamorphosis of living things and did not relate to contemporary ideas of "transformisme" or transmutation of species. [106] He said in Scientific Studies: We conceive of the individual animal as a small world, existing for its own sake, by its own means. 4 (1827 Jan. 27) In a letter to his friend Adolph Friedrich Carl Streckfuss, Goethe writes: "I am convinced that a world literature is in process of formation, that the nations are in favour of it and for this reason make friendly overtures. Suicide is considered sinful by Christian doctrine: suicides were denied Christian burial with the bodies often mistreated and dishonoured in various ways; in corollary, the deceased's property and possessions were often confiscated by the Church. Translator's Original Dedication Original Preface Preface to the Second Edition Author's Dedication. Already at this time, Goethe wrote a good deal, but he threw away nearly all of these works, except for the comedy Die Mitschuldigen. [36] Epistolary novels were common during this time, letter-writing being a primary mode of communication. World literature (a concept invented by Goethe) knows several encompassing works, but their formal principles typically make for easy survey. [46], Goethe also popularized the Goethe barometer using a principle established by Torricelli. Goethe Complete Works – World’s Best Collection, by Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe,Hjalmar H. Boyesen. He also took great pleasure in reading works on history and religion. [78] Goethe's unorthodox religious beliefs led him to be called "the great heathen" and provoked distrust among the authorities of his time, who opposed the creation of a Goethe monument on account of his offensive religious creed. In it, he contentiously characterized colour as arising from the dynamic interplay of light and darkness through the mediation of a turbid medium. [citation needed], To the period of his friendship with Schiller belong the conception of Wilhelm Meister's Journeyman Years (the continuation of Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship), the idyll of Hermann and Dorothea, the Roman Elegies and the verse drama The Natural Daughter. "Yes", answered Goethe, "... but what your pupil already accomplishes, bears the same relation to the Mozart of that time that the cultivated talk of a grown-up person bears to the prattle of a child. In a couple of weeks the biography was reworked into a colourful drama. His first acquaintance with Shakespeare's works is described as his personal awakening in literature.[13]. Lines from Faust, such as "Das also war des Pudels Kern", "Das ist der Weisheit letzter Schluss", or "Grau ist alle Theorie" have entered everyday German usage. Some well-known quotations are often incorrectly attributed to Goethe. Details * Goethe's father, Johann Caspar Goethe, lived with his family in a large house (today the Goethe House) in Frankfurt, then an Imperial Free City of the Holy Roman Empire. West-East Divan. It was while reciting a certain verse that he was struck with the epiphany that would lead to the idea of the rotating magnetic field and ultimately, alternating current. During his Italian journey, Goethe formulated a theory of plant metamorphosis in which the archetypal form of the plant is to be found in the leaf – he writes, "from top to bottom a plant is all leaf, united so inseparably with the future bud that one cannot be imagined without the other". Though he had studied law in Leipzig and had been appointed Imperial Councillor, Johann Caspar Goethe was not involved in the city's official affairs. Faust. [83] At the time of the French Revolution, he thought the enthusiasm of the students and professors to be a perversion of their energy and remained skeptical of the ability of the masses to govern. Poems of Goethe translated by Edgar Alfred Bowring Table of Contents. 3. The elephant's skull that led Goethe to this discovery, and was subsequently named the Goethe Elephant, still exists and is displayed in the Ottoneum in Kassel, Germany. The first part was published in 1808 and created a sensation. Entitled Götz von Berlichingen, the work went directly to the heart of Goethe's contemporaries. All books are in excellent condition considering they are almost 200 years old! In 1779, Goethe took on the War Commission of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar, in addition to the Mines and Highways commissions. The complete works of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in ten volumes by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832. Goethe's poetic work served as a model for an entire movement in German poetry termed Innerlichkeit ("introversion") and represented by, for example, Heine. Like Heinrich Heine, Nietzsche mentions in his writings frequently Goethe and Spinoza as a pair. Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe. [45], Goethe's botanical theories were partly based on his gardening in Weimar. The intimate bond with von Stein lasted for ten years, after which Goethe abruptly left for Italy without giving his companion any notice. [41] While not the only one in his time to question the prevailing view that this bone did not exist in humans, Goethe, who believed ancient anatomists had known about this bone, was the first to prove its existence in all mammals. Johann reflected, "There is nothing more charming to see than a mother with her child in her arms, and there is nothing more venerable than a mother among a number of her children. 27, 1828), and the cantata Die erste Walpurgisnacht (The First Walpurgis Night, Op. The luck was Goethe's, the steadfastness was displayed by Christiane. The Federal Republic of Germany's cultural institution, the Goethe-Institut, is named after him, and promotes the study of German abroad and fosters knowledge about Germany by providing information on its culture, society and politics. Frederick drew aside the sheet, and I was astonished at the divine magnificence of the limbs. And, between ourselves, I never hated the French, although I thanked God when we were rid of them. Indeed, Werther is oft… A few books have bent edges on … Goethe also wrote four important novels, the best known of which, “The Sorrows of Young Werther,” ranks high on the list of “must-reads” in world literature. For Goethe, his first ten years at Weimar could well be described as a garnering of a degree and range of experience which perhaps could be achieved in no other way. He said he "turned reality into poetry but his friends thought poetry should be turned into reality and the poem imitated." His last words, according to his doctor Carl Vogel, were, Mehr Licht! He was fascinated by mineralogy, and the mineral goethite (iron oxide) is named after him. Goethe could not subsist on being one of the editors of a literary periodical (published by Schlosser and Merck). Novalis, himself a geologist and mining engineer, expressed the opinion that Goethe was the first physicist of his time and "epoch-making in the history of physics", writing that Goethe's studies of light, of the metamorphosis of plants and of insects were indications and proofs "that the perfect educational lecture belongs in the artist's sphere of work"; and that Goethe would be surpassed "but only in the way in which the ancients can be surpassed, in inner content and force, in variety and depth—as an artist actually not, or only very little, for his rightness and intensity are perhaps already more exemplary than it would seem". "[85][86] He did not join in the anti-Napoleonic mood of 1812, and he distrusted the strident nationalism which started to be expressed. "[79], Politically, Goethe described himself as a "moderate liberal. As head of the Saxe-Weimar War Commission, Goethe participated in the recruitment of mercenaries into the Prussian and British military during the American Revolution. [109], His views make him, along with Adam Smith, Thomas Jefferson, and Ludwig van Beethoven, a figure in two worlds: on the one hand, devoted to the sense of taste, order, and finely crafted detail, which is the hallmark of the artistic sense of the Age of Reason and the neo-classical period of architecture; on the other, seeking a personal, intuitive, and personalized form of expression and society, firmly supporting the idea of self-regulating and organic systems. No DJ. Collier & Son. Followers of the twentieth-century esotericist Rudolf Steiner built a theatre named the Goetheanum after him—where festival performances of Faust are still performed. August and Ottilie had three children: Walther, Freiherr von Goethe (1818–1885), Wolfgang, Freiherr von Goethe [de] (1820–1883) and Alma von Goethe [de] (1827–1844). approaching encyclopedic proportion, the complete works of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe would be a most cumber- some tome of over four thousand pages. Although in his academic work he had expressed the ambition to make jurisprudence progressively more humane, his inexperience led him to proceed too vigorously in his first cases, and he was reprimanded and lost further ones. Goethe embodied many of the contending strands in art over the next century: his work could be lushly emotional, and rigorously formal, brief and epigrammatic, and epic. Thanks! He was against this reading of poetry. Plato. Beethoven declared that a "Faust" Symphony would be the greatest thing for art. (More light! 1/2 Leather Hardcover. Tell readers what you thought by rating and reviewing this book. $1.99 . [84] Goethe sympathized with the American Revolution and later wrote a poem in which he declared "America, you're better off than our continent, the old. The Complete Works of Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe in Ten Volumes: Poems (Volume V) by Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe. [74][75] He was also a pantheist, like some other prominent Spinozists such as Flaubert and Albert Einstein. The Princeton edition was an ambitious … This prematurely terminated his career as a lawyer after only a few months. For other uses, see, 18th/19th-century German writer, artist, and politician, In 1998, both of these sites, together with nine others, were designated a, Catharina was the daughter of Johann Wolfgang Textor, sheriff (. In the last period, between Schiller's death, in 1805, and his own, appeared Faust Part One, Elective Affinities, the West-Eastern Diwan (a collection of poems in the Persian style, influenced by the work of Hafez), his autobiographical Aus meinem Leben: Dichtung und Wahrheit (From My Life: Poetry and Truth) which covers his early life and ends with his departure for Weimar, his Italian Journey, and a series of treatises on art. This comprehensive eBook presents Goethe’s complete fictional works, with numerous illustrations, rare texts, informative introductions and the usual Delphi bonus material. This is the best Goethe you can get, so get it now and start enjoying and being inspired by his world like never before! 2. edition. Later, a facet of its plot, i.e., of selling one's soul to the devil for power over the physical world, took on increasing literary importance and became a view of the victory of technology and of industrialism, along with its dubious human expenses. [92] His non-fiction writings, most of which are philosophic and aphoristic in nature, spurred the development of many thinkers, including Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Schopenhauer, Søren Kierkegaard, Friedrich Nietzsche, Ernst Cassirer, and Carl Jung. In 1782, when the chancellor of the Duchy's Exchequer left his office, Goethe agreed to act in his place for two and a half years; this post virtually made him prime minister and the principal representative of the Duchy. In 1821 Goethe's friend Carl Friedrich Zelter introduced him to the 12-year-old Felix Mendelssohn. They had already had several children together by this time, including their son, Julius August Walter von Goethe (1789–1830), whose wife, Ottilie von Pogwisch (1796–1872), cared for the elder Goethe until his death in 1832. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe[a] (28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832)[3] was a German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, critic, and amateur artist. [9], Goethe also became acquainted with Frankfurt actors. All its parts have a direct effect on one another, a relationship to one another, thereby constantly renewing the circle of life; thus we are justified in considering every animal physiologically perfect. Externally, some parts may seem useless because the inner coherence of the animal nature has given them this form without regard to outer circumstance. His novel The Sorrows of Young Werther, completed in 1774, is so powerful that it actually inspired many young men and women to commit suicide; the story of the tragic Werther was found on many of their corpses. Vol. Goethe’s poetry in English. He writes about this period: I had from childhood the singular habit of always learning by heart the beginnings of books, and the divisions of a work, first of the five books of Moses, and then of the Aeneid and Ovid's Metamorphoses. [90][89] Although often requested to write poems arousing nationalist passions, Goethe would always decline. Christiane von Goethe died in 1816. Winckelmann had not recognized the distinctness of the two styles. [101] Eliot presented Goethe as "eminently the man who helps us to rise to a lofty point of observation" and praised his "large tolerance", which "quietly follows the stream of fact and of life" without passing moral judgments. The mighty brow seemed yet to harbour thoughts. We appreciate your feedback. He detested learning age-old judicial rules by heart, preferring instead to attend the poetry lessons of Christian Fürchtegott Gellert. There is some scratching of the blue hardcovers. [103] He emphasized Goethe's "cultural and self-developing individualism", humanism, and cosmopolitanism.[103]. New York: Suhrkamp, 1986. Although the accuracy of Goethe's observations does not admit a great deal of criticism, his aesthetic approach did not lend itself to the demands of analytic and mathematical analysis used ubiquitously in modern Science. [56], In a conversation on April 7, 1830 Goethe stated that pederasty is an "aberration" that easily leads to "animal, roughly material" behavior. Originally translated and published in the early 1900s, the RSE casebound set was redesigned and printed in a more readable format under … Spam or Self-Promotional The list is spam or self-promotional. 1: Briefe der Jahre 1764–1786. 60, 1832).[30]. Goethe's influence was dramatic because he understood that there was a transition in European sensibilities, an increasing focus on sense, the indescribable, and the emotional. If I tire of her as a girl, she'll play the boy for me as well". Goethe Complete Works World's Best Collection This is the world’s best Goethe collection, including the most complete set of Goethe’s works available plus many free bonus materials. You submitted the following rating and review. This is pictured, somewhat satirically, in George Eliot's Middlemarch. The Ultimate Collection of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe! "[50] In this, he anticipated Ewald Hering's opponent colour theory (1872).[51]. Goethe clearly saw human sexuality as a topic worthy of poetic and artistic depiction, an idea that was uncommon in a time when the private nature of sexuality was rigorously normative. [citation needed] He is considered to be the greatest German literary figure of the modern era. Goethe thus went to live in Weimar, where he remained for the rest of his life and where, over the course of many years, he held a succession of offices, becoming the Duke's friend and chief adviser. p. 343, Scientific Studies, Suhrkamp ed., vol. [59][60] His own descriptions of his relationship to the Christian faith and even to the Church varied widely and have been interpreted even more widely, so that while Goethe's secretary Eckermann portrayed him as enthusiastic about Christianity, Jesus, Martin Luther, and the Protestant Reformation, even calling Christianity the "ultimate religion,"[61] on one occasion Goethe described himself as "not anti-Christian, nor un-Christian, but most decidedly non-Christian,"[62] and in his Venetian Epigram 66, Goethe listed the symbol of the cross among the four things that he most disliked. Goethe admitted that he "shot his hero to save himself": a reference to Goethe's own near-suicidal obsession with a young woman during this period, an obsession he quelled through the writing process. For instance, in Faust, the first use of Faust's power after signing a contract with the devil is to seduce a teenage girl. The next work, his epic closet drama Faust, was completed in stages. His faithful servant, Frederick, opened for me the chamber in which he was laid out. [95][97] Goethe always spoke of Napoleon with the greatest respect, confessing that "nothing higher and more pleasing could have happened to me in all my life" than to have met Napoleon in person. Goethe was also a cultural force. In this irresistible collection you get a full set of Goethe’s work, All his legendary plays, All his poetry, All his famous works and All his rarities, plus an auto biography written by Goethe himself. Inappropriate The list (including its title or description) facilitates illegal activity, or contains hate speech or ad hominem attacks on a fellow Goodreads member or author. $1.99 . Carlyle, in reviews and otherwise, seems to have been the introducer of Goethe and the principal German writers, from 1827 onward 10 years [108][109] Both Diderot and Goethe exhibited a repugnance towards the mathematical interpretation of nature; both perceived the universe as dynamic and in constant flux; both saw "art and science as compatible disciplines linked by common imaginative processes"; and both grasped "the unconscious impulses underlying mental creation in all forms. [7] Johann Caspar married Goethe's mother, Catharina Elizabeth Textor, at Frankfurt on 20 August 1748, when he was 38 and she was 17. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is considered the greatest German literary figure of the modern era.He was a German writer and statesman. His father had made a similar journey during his own youth, and his example was a major motivating factor for Goethe to make the trip. The outer shape of the work's plot is widely taken over from what Goethe experienced during his Wetzlar time with Charlotte Buff (1753–1828)[17] and her fiancé, Johann Christian Kestner (1741–1800),[17] as well as from the suicide of the author's friend Karl Wilhelm Jerusalem (1747–1772); in it, Goethe made a desperate passion of what was in reality a hearty and relaxed friendship. The restaurant Auerbachs Keller and its legend of Faust's 1525 barrel ride impressed him so much that Auerbachs Keller became the only real place in his closet drama Faust Part One. On a trip to the village Sessenheim, Goethe fell in love with Friederike Brion, in October 1770,[14][15] but, after ten months, terminated the relationship in August 1771. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer and politician. Would you like us to take another look at this review? He continued, "Pederasty is as old as humanity itself, and one can therefore say, that it resides in nature, even if it proceeds against nature....What culture has won from nature will not be surrendered or given up at any price. The Complete Works of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe [23 books] Johann Wolfgang von Goethe This collection gathers together the works by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in a single, convenient, high quality, and extremely low priced Kindle volume! GOETHE COMPLETE WORKS ULTIMATE COLLECTION 350+ WORKS All Poetry, Poems, Prose, Letters, Travels, Rarities - Including Faust, Werther, Wilhelm Meister, Iphiginie, Hermann and Dorothea PLUS BIOGRAPHY by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 8 ratings, 4.62 average rating, 0 reviews 225). Douglas Miller, Karl August, Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, "Social Relations, Shared Practices, and Emotions: Alexander von Humboldt's Excursion into Literary Classicism and the Challenges to Science around 1800", "Goethe und Carl August – Freundschaft und Politik", Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians, "The auto-biography of Goethe. [105] However, he was critical of Bacon's inductive method and approach based on pure classification. Goethe also pursued literary plans again; this time, his father did not have anything against it, and even helped. The author W. Daniel Wilson [de] claims that Goethe engaged in negotiating the forced sale of vagabonds, criminals, and political dissidents as part of these activities.[23]. He produced volumes of poetry, essays, criticism, a theory of colours and early work on evolution and linguistics. Even though Goethe opened his own lawyer office, he composed the drama ‘Götz von Berlichigen‘, which was seen as a revolution of the classicism and the foundation of a new era, the ‘Sturm und Drang‘. But there exists a level at which it wholly disappears, and where one stands, so to speak, above the nations, and feels the weal or woe of a neighboring people as though it were one's own.

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